General Information

  • ID:  hor005580
  • Uniprot ID:  P81172
  • Protein name:  Hepcidin-20
  • Gene name:  HAMP
  • Organism:  Homo sapiens (Human)
  • Family:  Hepcidin family
  • Source:  Human
  • Expression:  Expression in hepatocytes is induced by LPS stimulus and the induction is mediated by IL6 . |Highest expression in liver and to a lesser extent in heart and brain. Low levels in lung, tonsils, salivary gland, trachea, prostate gland, adrenal gland and thy
  • Disease:  Diseases associated with HAMP include Hemochromatosis, Type 2B and Hemochromatosis, Type 1.
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:  Homo (genus), Homininae (subfamily), Hominidae (family), Hominoidea (superfamily), Catarrhini (parvorder), Simiiformes (infraorder), Haplorrhini (suborder), Primates (order), Euarchontoglires (superorder), Boreoeutheria, Eutheria, Theria, Mammalia (class), Amniota, Tetrapoda, Dipnotetrapodomorpha, Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi, Teleostomi, Gnathostomata, Vertebrata, Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia, Bilateria, Eumetazoa, Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta, Eukaryota (superkingdom), cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0005179 hormone activity; GO:0005507 copper ion binding
  • GO BP:  GO:0000122 negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; GO:0002262 myeloid cell homeostasis; GO:0006366 transcription by RNA polymerase II; GO:0006879 intracellular iron ion homeostasis; GO:0006954 inflammatory response; GO:0006955 immune response; GO:0007259 receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT; GO:0010039 response to iron ion; GO:0030163 protein catabolic process; GO:0031640 killing of cells of another organism; GO:0034755 iron ion transmembrane transport; GO:0034760 negative regulation of iron ion transmembrane transport; GO:0042116 macrophage activation; GO:0042742 defense response to bacterium; GO:0043032 positive regulation of macrophage activation; GO:0045732 positive regulation of protein catabolic process; GO:0045779 negative regulation of bone resorption; GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; GO:0050728 negative regulation of inflammatory response; GO:0050832 defense response to fungus; GO:0051649 establishment of localization in cell; GO:0060586 multicellular organismal-level iron ion homeostasis; GO:1904479 negative regulation of intestinal absorption
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0005615 extracellular space; GO:0005634 nucleus

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  ICIFCCGCCHRSKCGMCCKT
  • Length:  20
  • Propeptide:  MALSSQIWAACLLLLLLLASLTSGSVFPQQTGQLAELQPQDRAGARASWMPMFQRRRRRDTHFPICIFCCGCCHRSKCGMCCKT
  • Signal peptide:  MALSSQIWAACLLLLLLLASLTSG
  • Modification:  NA
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  Liver-produced hormone that constitutes the main circulating regulator of iron absorption and distribution across tissues. Acts by promoting endocytosis and degradation of ferroportin, leading to the retention of iron in iron-exporting cells and decreased flow of iron into plasma. Controls the major flows of iron into plasma: absorption of dietary iron in the intestine, recycling of iron by macrophages, which phagocytose old erythrocytes and other cells, and mobilization of stored iron from hepatocytes;Has strong antimicrobial activity against E.coli ML35P N.cinerea and weaker against S.epidermidis, S.aureus and group b streptococcus bacteria. Active against the fungus C.albicans. No activity against P.aeruginosa
  • Mechanism:  NA
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  NA
  • Target Unid:  NA
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: NA
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  2-18; 5-8; 6-14; 9-17
  • Structure ID:  1m4e(PDB_ID)

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    1m4e.pdbhor005580_AF2.pdbhor005580_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 253889 Formula: C85H143N27O23S9
Absent amino acids: ADELNPQVWY Common amino acids: C
pI: 8.21 Basic residues: 4
Polar residues: 12 Hydrophobic residues: 3
Hydrophobicity: 79.5 Boman Index: -936
Half-Life: 20 hour Half-Life Yeast: 30 min
Half-Life E.Coli: >10 hour Aliphatic Index 39
Instability Index: 4777 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 500
Absorbance 280nm: 26.32

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  11113131
  • Title:  Hepcidin: a urinary antimicrobial peptide synthesized in the liver.
  • PubMed ID:  11034317
  • Title:  LEAP-1, a novel highly disulfide-bonded human peptide exhibits antimicrobial activity.
  • PubMed ID:  22306005
  • Title:  Hepcidin and iron homeostasis.
  • PubMed ID:  19553669
  • Title:   Hepcidin revisited, disulfide connectivity, dynamics, and structure.